3/18/2023 0 Comments Skull and bones meaningThe human body's living bone is composed of 20% water and its dry mass is composed of approximately 60-70 percent bone numerals. The main components of bone are collagen fibres and inorganic bone minerals in the form of small crystals. Read Also: Leg Muscles Composition of Bones The sesamoid bones include the patella and the pisiform. Sesamoid bones reduce friction, which protects the tendons from excessive wear and stress. They are located at the ends of the long bones, where the tendons cross. Sesamoid Bones: Sesamoid bones are embedded in the tendons. The bones of the spine, pelvis, and a few bones of the skull fall into the category of irregular bones. The irregular bones are classified based on their bone content rather than their shape. Their bones are complicated and irregularly shaped. Irregular bones: are made up of thin layers of compact bones that cover a mass of mostly spongy bones. Skull bones, ribs, sternum, and scapulae are all members of the flat bones group. Both the spongy bones and the bone marrow space are covered by two parallel layers of compact bones. The bones of the wrist and ankles are considered small bones in the human body.įlat Bones: Flat bones are curved and thin in general. Short Bones: The short bones consist of a thin layer of compact bones surrounding a spongy interior that is more or less cuboid in shape. The long bones consist of the humerus, ulna, radius, fibula, tibia, femur, metacarpal bones, and phalanges. The epiphysis is composed primarily of compact bones with a small amount of marrow and is found within the medullary cavity and areas of spongy, cancellous bones at the ends of the bones. A shaft and a diaphysis connect two epiphyseal ends. Long Bones: Long bones are distinguished by a shaft, the diaphysis, that is much longer than it is wide. Bones are also responsible for the production of red and white blood cells, as well as providing structural outline and movement. The skeletal system of the body is made up of bones, which are primarily responsible for the storage of various macronutrients, providing rigidity, and hosing the bone marrow. Undifferentiated mesenchymal stem cells of the bones are found in the loose connective tissue between the condensed fibrous tissue that covers the outside of the bone and the trabeculae that run along the vascular channel. Osteoprogenitors are the cells that give rise to both osteocytes and osteoclasts. Both osteocytes and osteoclasts are involved in bone tissue reabsorption. Osteocytes are trapped within the intercellular material and live in a cavity known as a lacuna, where they communicate with other osteocytes and free bone surfaces via extensive filamentous protoplasmic extensions. And aids in bone reabsorption through a direct chemical and enzymatic attack Osteoclasts are multinucleated cells that work from the bone's surface. They also deposit and synthesize the protein matrix of new intercellular materials on bone surfaces. Osteoblasts are primarily responsible for mineralization and bone tissue formation. When viewed microscopically, bones are composed of hard, homogeneous intercellular material within or upon which we consider four distinct cell types: osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteoclasts, and bone mesenchymal stem cells. Other types of tissue found in the bone include bone marrow, blood vessels, cartilage, periosteum, and endosteum.īone is thought to be a metabolically active tissue made up of various cell types. Both organic and inorganic components of bone minerals, which are made up of diverse salts, make up the mineralized matrix of bone tissue.īone tissue is a mineralized tissue that consists of two types of bones: cancellous bone and cortical bone. Flattened osteoblasts transform into lining cells that aid in the formation of a protective layer on the bone surface. Bone cells such as osteoblasts and osteoclasts are involved in bone formation and mineralization, whereas osteoclasts are responsible for bone tissue resorption or reabsorption. There are many distinct types of bone cells in bone tissue, and it is not made up of just one type of cell. The honeycomb matrix, which is responsible for the rigidity or toughness of the bone, resembles the bone tissue on the inside. The osseous tissue, also known as bone tissue, is a specialized connective tissue that is also very hard. Bones have a complex external and internal structure and can be found in a wide range of shapes and sizes. Bones serve several purposes and are both lightweight and strong. Bones also contribute to mineral storage in the body.
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